Just Kids by Patti Smith

Patti Smith calls the book, Just Kids, a memoir rather than an autobiography. Her book is almost poetic in nature and written in a beautiful and engaging way. From the first pages, the reader is drawn to her words and imagery. In describing one of her first memories, that of a swan on a pond, she says, â€Å"the river emptied into a wide lagoon and I saw upon its surface a singular miracle. A long curving neck rose from a dress of white plumage.†There are, of course many facts about her life as a young, starving artist but generally speaking she is giving the reader many impressions about her life rather than a chronology of the events in her life. The author, Dave Thompson, has written a more factual biography of Patti Smith in the book, Dancing Barefoot: The Patti Smith Story. In analyzing an excerpt from this biography, the reader is left with a somewhat different picture of Patti Smith. In it he describes fairly vividly and in almost a clinical way a less romanticized fami ly life.Here the reader finds out that her father was almost non-existent when she was growing up because he was out working to support his family. Her mother, one learns, is a serious Jehovah Witness. This is a very important point because it gives an important insight into how religion may have shaped her poetry and art in the future. It is interesting that in Just Kids, Patti Smith is very clear in mentioning how her partner, Robert Mapplethorpe is very influenced and almost traumatized by his devout Roman Catholic family.This religious aspect of her own life is not as clearly defined in her memoir. Dave Thompson also mentions how many of the facts about Patti Smith’s early jobs are distorted in her memoir and lets the reader conclude that perhaps the facts are not quite the facts in her own book. Dan Lieberfeld, on the other hand, in his essay, â€Å"Artistic Apprenticeship and Collaboration- Looking Back with Patti Smith,† emphasizes the profound impact that Rober t Mapplethorpe had on Patti Smith.In it, he describes how deep their connection was. In those early years in New York City, they were crucial to each other’s survival. They literally kept each other from starving by saving every penny they had from their poorly-paying jobs. His essay describes them as â€Å"apprentices† to each other as they each sought to become artists. As they supported each other, they also helped each other achieve their dreams of becoming true artists.The essay reflects many of the points and themes that Patti Smith describes in her memoir with great feeling and seems true to her descriptions of events that happened in her life. Patti Smith’s memoir gives an impression of her life with Robert Mapplethorpe and how they both emerged as artists and gives a great picture of the bohemian life they led in the 1970’s. Dan Lieberman’s essay confirms the fundamental principles underlying Patti Smith’s memoir – that Patti Smith and Robert Mapplethorpe were great friends who influenced each other.Dave Thompson’s book puts into question some of the details of Ms. Smith’s life. Does that make her contributions to the world of art and music any less important? Does it make the vivid descriptions of the chaotic art world any less real? The answer is a clear â€Å"no. † The reader may not agree with her lifestyle and even her art. The beauty of her words is real and really describes who she is. Whether she has embellished the facts or omitted some of them, it doesn’t really seem to matter.

Lord of the Flies Chapter 4-6

————————————————- Chapter 4 Summary Life on the island soon develops a daily rhythm. Morning is pleasant, with cool air and sweet smells, and the boys are able to play happily. By afternoon, though, the sun becomes oppressively hot, and some of the boys nap, although they are often troubled by bizarre images that seem to flicker over the water. Piggy dismisses these images as mirages caused by sunlight striking the water. Evening brings cooler temperatures again, but darkness falls quickly, and nighttime is frightening and difficult.The littluns, who spend most of their days eating fruit and playing with one another, are particularly troubled by visions and bad dreams. They continue to talk about the â€Å"beastie† and fear that a monster hunts in the darkness. The large amount of fruit that they eat causes them to suffer from diarrhea and stomach ailments. Although the littluns’ lives are largely separate from those of the older boys, there are a few instances when the older boys torment the littluns. One vicious boy named Roger joins another boy, Maurice, in cruelly stomping on a sand castle the littluns have built.Roger even throws stones at one of the boys, although he does remain careful enough to avoid actually hitting the boy with his stones. Jack, obsessed with the idea of killing a pig, camouflages his face with clay and charcoal and enters the jungle to hunt, accompanied by several other boys. On the beach, Ralph and Piggy see a ship on the horizon—but they also see that the signal fire has gone out. They hurry to the top of the hill, but it is too late to rekindle the flame, and the ship does not come for them. Ralph is furious with Jack, because it was the hunters’ responsibility to see that the fire was maintained.Jack and the hunters return from the jungle, covered with blood and chanting a bizarre song. They carry a dead pig on a stake between them. Furious at the hunters’ irresponsibility, Ralph accosts Jack about the signal fire. The hunters, having actually managed to catch and kill a pig, are so excited and crazed with bloodlust that they barely hear Ralph’s complaints. When Piggy shrilly complains about the hunters’ immaturity, Jack slaps him hard, breaking one of the lenses of his glasses. Jack taunts Piggy by mimicking his whining voice. Ralph and Jack have a heated conversation.At last, Jack admits his responsibility in the failure of the signal fire but never apologizes to Piggy. Ralph goes to Piggy to use his glasses to light a fire, and at that moment, Jack’s friendly feelings toward Ralph change to resentment. The boys roast the pig, and the hunters dance wildly around the fire, singing and reenacting the savagery of the hunt. Ralph declares that he is calling a meeting and stalks down the hill toward the beach alone. Analysis At this point in the novel, the group of boys has lived on the island for some time, and their society increasingly resembles a political state.Although the issue of power and control is central to the boys’ lives from the moment they elect a leader in the first chapter, the dynamics of the society they form take time to develop. By this chapter, the boys’ community mirrors a political society, with the faceless and frightened littluns resembling the masses of common people and the various older boys filling positions of power and importance with regard to these underlings. Some of the older boys, including Ralph and especially Simon, are kind to the littluns; others, including Roger and Jack, are cruel to them.In short, two conceptions of power emerge on the island, corresponding to the novel’s philosophical poles—civilization and savagery. Simon, Ralph, and Piggy represent the idea that power should be used for the good of the group and the protection of the littlunsâ€⠀a stance representing the instinct toward civilization, order, and morality. Roger and Jack represent the idea that power should enable those who hold it to gratify their own desires and act on their impulses, treating the littluns as servants or objects for their own amusement—a stance representing the instinct toward savagery.As the tension between Ralph and Jack increases, we see more obvious signs of a potential struggle for power. Although Jack has been deeply envious of Ralph’s power from the moment Ralph was elected, the two do not come into open conflict until this chapter, when Jack’s irresponsibility leads to the failure of the signal fire. When the fire—a symbol of the boys’ connection to civilization—goes out, the boys’ first chance of being rescued is thwarted. Ralph flies into a rage, indicating that he is still governed by desire to achieve the good of the whole group.But Jack, having just killed a pig, is too excited by his success to care very much about the missed chance to escape the island. Indeed, Jack’s bloodlust and thirst for power have overwhelmed his interest in civilization. Whereas he previously justified his commitment to hunting by claiming that it was for the good of the group, now he no longer feels the need to justify his behavior at all. Instead, he indicates his new orientation toward savagery by painting his face like a barbarian, leading wild chants among the hunters, and apologizing for his failure to maintain the signal fire only when Ralph seems ready to fight him over it.The extent to which the strong boys bully the weak mirrors the extent to which the island civilization disintegrates. Since the beginning, the boys have bullied the whiny, intellectual Piggy whenever they needed to feel powerful and important. Now, however, their harassment of Piggy intensifies, and Jack begins to hit him openly. Indeed, despite his position of power and responsibility in the gro up, Jack shows no qualms about abusing the other boys physically. Some of the other hunters, especially Roger, seem even crueler and less governed by moral impulses.The civilized Ralph, meanwhile, is unable to understand this impulsive and cruel behavior, for he simply cannot conceive of how physical bullying creates a self-gratifying sense of power. The boys’ failure to understand each other’s points of view creates a gulf between them—one that widens as resentment and open hostility set in. ————————————————- Chapter 5 Summary As Ralph walks along the beach, he thinks about how much of life is an improvisation and about how a considerable part of one’s waking life is spent watching one’s feet.Ralph is frustrated with his hair, which is now long, mangy, and always manages to fall in front of his eyes. He decides to call a meeting to attem pt to bring the group back into line. Late in the evening, he blows the conch shell, and the boys gather on the beach. At the meeting place, Ralph grips the conch shell and berates the boys for their failure to uphold the group’s rules. They have not done anything required of them: they refuse to work at building shelters, they do not gather drinking water, they neglect the signal fire, and they do not even use the designated toilet area.He restates the importance of the signal fire and attempts to allay the group’s growing fear of beasts and monsters. The littluns, in particular, are increasingly plagued by nightmare visions. Ralph says there are no monsters on the island. Jack likewise maintains that there is no beast, saying that everyone gets frightened and it is just a matter of putting up with it. Piggy seconds Ralph’s rational claim, but a ripple of fear runs through the group nonetheless. One of the littluns speaks up and claims that he has actually seen a beast.When the others press him and ask where it could hide during the daytime, he suggests that it might come up from the ocean at night. This previously unthought-of explanation terrifies all the boys, and the meeting plunges into chaos. Suddenly, Jack proclaims that if there is a beast, he and his hunters will hunt it down and kill it. Jack torments Piggy and runs away, and many of the other boys run after him. Eventually, only Ralph, Piggy, and Simon are left. In the distance, the hunters who have followed Jack dance and chant.Piggy urges Ralph to blow the conch shell and summon the boys back to the group, but Ralph is afraid that the summons will go ignored and that any vestige of order will then disintegrate. He tells Piggy and Simon that he might relinquish leadership of the group, but his friends reassure him that the boys need his guidance. As the group drifts off to sleep, the sound of a littlun crying echoes along the beach. Analysis The boys’ fear of the beast becomes an increasingly important aspect of their lives, especially at night, from the moment the first littlun claims to have seen a snake-monster in Chapter 2.In this chapter, the fear of the beast finally explodes, ruining Ralph’s attempt to restore order to the island and precipitating the final split between Ralph and Jack. At this point, it remains uncertain whether or not the beast actually exists. In any case, the beast serves as one of the most important symbols in the novel, representing both the terror and the allure of the primordial desires for violence, power, and savagery that lurk within every human soul. In keeping with the overall allegorical nature of  Lord of the Flies,  the beast can be interpreted in a number of different lights.In a religious reading, for instance, the beast recalls the devil; in a Freudian reading, it can represent the id, the instinctual urges and desires of the human unconscious mind. However we interpret the beast, the littlunâ €™s idea of the monster rising from the sea terrifies the boys because it represents the beast’s emergence from their own unconscious minds. As Simon realizes later in the novel, the beast is not necessarily something that exists outside in the jungle.Rather, it already exists inside each boy’s mind and soul, the capacity for savagery and evil that slowly overwhelms them. As the idea of the beast increasingly fills the boys with dread, Jack and the hunters manipulate the boys’ fear of the beast to their own advantage. Jack continues to hint that the beast exists when he knows that it probably does not—a manipulation that leaves the rest of the group fearful and more willing to cede power to Jack and his hunters, more willing to overlook barbarism on Jack’s part for the sake of maintaining the â€Å"safety† of the group.In this way, the beast indirectly becomes one of Jack’s primary sources of power. At the same time, Jack effectiv ely enables the boys themselves to act as the beast—to express the instinct for savagery that civilization has previously held in check. Because that instinct is natural and present within each human being, Golding asserts that we are all capable of becoming the beast. ————————————————- Chapter 6 Summary In the darkness late that night, Ralph and Simon carry a littlun back to the shelter before going to sleep.As the boys sleep, military airplanes battle fiercely above the island. None of the boys sees the explosions and flashes in the clouds because the twins Sam and Eric, who were supposed to watch the signal fire, have fallen asleep. During the battle, a parachutist drifts down from the sky onto the island, dead. His chute becomes tangled in some rocks and flaps in the wind, while his shape casts fearful shadows on the ground. His head seems to rise and fall as th e wind blows. When Sam and Eric wake up, they tend to the fire to make the flames brighter.In the flickering firelight, they see the twisted form of the dead parachutist and mistake the shadowy image for the figure of the dreaded beast. They rush back to the camp, wake Ralph, and tell him what they have seen. Ralph immediately calls for a meeting, at which the twins reiterate their claim that a monster assaulted them. The boys, electrified and horrified by the twins’ claims, organize an expedition to search the island for monsters. They set out, armed with wooden spears, and only Piggy and the littluns remain behind.Ralph allows Jack to lead the search as the group sets out. The boys soon reach a part of the island that none of them has ever explored before—a thin walkway that leads to a hill dotted with small caves. The boys are afraid to go across the walkway and around the ledge of the hill, so Ralph goes to investigate alone. He finds that, although he was frighten ed when with the other boys, he quickly regains his confidence when he explores on his own. Soon, Jack joins Ralph in the cave.The group climbs the hill, and Ralph and Jack feel the old bond between them rekindling. The other boys begin to play games, pushing rocks into the sea, and many of them lose sight of the purpose of their expedition. Ralph angrily reminds them that they are looking for the beast and says that they must return to the other mountain so that they can rebuild the signal fire. The other boys, lost in whimsical plans to build a fort and do other things on the new hill, are displeased by Ralph’s commands but grudgingly obey. AnalysisAs fear about the beast grips the boys, the balance between civilization and savagery on the island shifts, and Ralph’s control over the group diminishes. At the beginning of the novel, Ralph’s hold on the other boys is quite secure: they all understand the need for order and purposive action, even if they do not al ways want to be bothered with rules. By this point, however, as the conventions of civilization begin to erode among the boys, Ralph’s hold on them slips, while Jack becomes a more powerful and menacing figure in the camp.In Chapter 5, Ralph’s attempt to reason with the boys is ineffective; by Chapter 6, Jack is able to manipulate Ralph by asking him, in front of the other boys, whether he is frightened. This question forces Ralph to act irrationally simply for the sake of preserving his status among the other boys. This breakdown in the group’s desire for morality, order, and civilization is increasingly enabled—or excused—by the presence of the monster, the beast that has frightened the littluns since the beginning of the novel and that is quickly assuming an almost religious significance in the camp.The air battle and dead parachutist remind us of the larger setting of  Lord of the Flies: though the boys lead an isolated life on the island, we know that a bloody war is being waged elsewhere in the world—a war that apparently is a terrible holocaust. All Golding tells us is that atom bombs have threatened England in a war against â€Å"the reds† and that the boys were evacuated just before the impending destruction of their civilization. The war is also responsible for the boys’ crash landing on the island in the first place, because an enemy aircraft gunned down their transport plane.Although the war remains in the background of  Lord of the Flies,  it is nevertheless an important extension of the main themes of the novel. Just as the boys struggle with the conflict between civilization and savagery on the island, the outside world is gripped in a similar conflict. War represents the savage outbursts of civilization, when the desire for violence and power overwhelms the desire for order and peace. Even though the outside world has bestowed upon the boys a sense of morality and order, the danger o f savagery remains real even within the context of that seemingly civilized society that has nurtured them.

Ladies Home Journal Sit-In of 1970 Feminsts Take Over

Many people hear the term â€Å"sit-in† and think of the Civil Rights Movement or opposition to the Vietnam War. But feminists held sit-ins, too, advocating for women’s rights and a variety of specific goals. On March 18, 1970, feminists staged the Ladies’ Home Journal sit-in. At least a hundred women marched into the Ladies’ Home Journal office to protest the way the magazine’s mostly male staff depicted women’s interests. Ironically, the magazines motto was â€Å"Never Underestimate the Power of a Woman. Taking Over the Magazine Feminists involved in the Ladies’ Home Journal sit-in were members of groups such as Media Women, New York Radical Women, NOW, and Redstockings. The organizers called on friends - including reporters, film students and law students - to help with logistics and advice for the day’s protest. The Ladies’ Home Journal sit-in lasted all day. The protesters occupied the office for 11 hours. They presented their demands to editor-in-chief John Mack Carter and senior editor Lenore Hershey, who was one of the only female members of the editorial staff. The feminist protesters brought a mock magazine titled the â€Å"Women’s Liberated Journal† and displayed a banner reading â€Å"Women’s Liberated Journal† from the office windows. Why Ladies’ Home Journal? Feminist groups in New York objected to most of the women’s magazines of the day, but they decided on a Ladies’ Home Journal sit-in because of its sizable circulation (over 14 million readers per month at the time) and because one of their members used to work there. The leaders of the protest were able to enter the offices with her in advance to scout out the location.   Glossy Women’s Magazine Issues Women’s magazines were often a target of feminist complaints. The Women’s Liberation Movement objected to stories that focused constantly on beauty and housework while perpetuating the myths of the patriarchal establishment. One of the most famous running columns in Ladies Home Journal was called Can This Marriage Be Saved?, in which women wrote in for advice on their troubled marriages and received advice from the magazines mostly male writers. Many of the wives writing in were in abusive marriages, but the magazines advice typically blamed them for not making their husbands happy enough. Radical feminists wanted to protest the domination of the magazines by men and advertisers (who were also mostly men). For example, women’s magazines made vast amounts of money from ads for beauty products; the shampoo companies insisted on running articles such as â€Å"How to Wash Your Hair and Keep it Shiny† next to the hair care ads, thus ensuring a cycle of profitable advertising and editorial content. Womens lives had changed significantly since the magazine debuted in 1883, but the content continued to focus on domesticity and patriarchal notions of female subservience. The feminists at the Ladies’ Home Journal sit-in had a number of demands, including: Hire a female editor-in-chief and an all-female editorial staffHave women write columns and articles, to avoid inherent male biasHire non-white women according to the percentage of minorities in the U.S. populationRaise the women’s salariesProvide free day care on the premises, since the magazine claims to care about women and childrenOpen editorial meetings to all employees, to eliminate the traditional power hierarchyStop running ads that degrade women or ads from companies that exploit womenStop running articles tied in to advertisingEnd the â€Å"Can this Marriage be Saved?† column New Article Ideas The feminists came to the Ladies’ Home Journal sit-in with suggestions for articles to replace the mythical happy homemaker and other shallow, deceptive pieces. Susan Brownmiller, who participated in the protest, recalls some of the feminists’ suggestions in her book In Our Time: Memoir of a Revolution. Their suggested article titles included: How to Get a DivorceHow to Have an OrgasmWhat to Tell Your Draft-Age SonHow Detergents Harm Our Rivers and StreamsHow Psychiatrists Hurt Women—and Why These ideas obviously contrasted the usual messages of women’s magazines and their advertisers. Feminists complained that the magazines pretended single parents did not exist and that household consumer products somehow led to righteous happiness. And the magazines definitely avoiding talking about powerful issues such as women’s sexuality or the Vietnam War. Results of the Sit-In After the Ladies’ Home Journal sit in, editor John Mack Carter refused to resign from his job, but he agreed to let the feminists produce a portion of an issue of Ladies’ Home Journal, which appeared in August 1970 and included articles such as â€Å"Should This Marriage Be Saved?† and â€Å"Your Daughter’s Education.†Ã‚  He also promised to look into the feasibility of an on-site day care center. A few years later in 1973, Lenore Hershey became the editor-in-chief of Ladies’ Home Journal, and since then, all the editors-in-chief have been women: Myrna Blyth succeeded Hershey in 1981, followed by Diane Salvatore (ed. 2002-2008) and Sally Lee (2008-2014). In 2014, the magazine ceased its monthly publication and shifted to a quarterly special-interest publication.

W.B. Yeats Poetry Essay - 2306 Words

W.B. Yeats Poetry Many literary critics have observed that over the course of W. B. Yeats’ poetic career, readers can perceive a distinct change in the style of his writing. Most notably, he appears to adopt a far more cynical tone in the poems he generated in the later half of his life than in his earlier pastoral works. This somewhat depressing trend is often attributed to the fact that he is simply becoming more conservative and pessimistic in his declining years, but in truth it represents a far more significant change in his life. Throughout Yeats’ career, the poet is constantly trying to determine exactly what inspires him; early on, in such poems as â€Å"The Lake Isle of Innisfree† and â€Å"The Wild Swans at Coole,† Yeats obviously†¦show more content†¦Using slow-moving gentle lines, the poet infuses the poem itself with tranquility. The scene depicted and language used are both purely pastoral, and he simply tries to describe to his reader the fact th at nature is always with him, always providing inspiration and peace of mind in his somewhat chaotic life. In order to best portray the setting, Yeats repeatedly employs natural language and objects, even in the title itself (â€Å"Lake Isle†). His â€Å"small cabin ... of clay and wattles made† (3) and â€Å"Nine bean-rows† (4) conjure forth echoes of Walden Pond, where Thoreau set out to get in touch with nature and live the simple life, just as Yeats advocates doing now. And just as Thoreau before him, Yeats seeks a place of peace and tranquility that is untainted by the chaotic mess of civilization where he can focus on pure art. However, Yeats breaks from his predecessor’s ideal in that he has not moved off to live this life yet; he constantly reminds the reader of this by his repeated use of the phrase â€Å"I will arise and go now† (1 and 9). 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Public Service Is The Serving Of Public Services - 4173 Words

Public service is the serving of the public by carrying out legislative, executive, or judicial orders through governmental agencies and organizations, and by reforming government programs to better help people. In recent decades, the reinvention, re-engineering, and restructuring of government have been discussed to provide more efficient and effective ways to serve the public. â€Å"Theorists of citizenship, community and civil society, organizational humanists, and postmodernist public administrationists have helped to establish a climate in which it makes sense today to talk about a New Public Service† (Denhardt Denhardt, 2000). Reinventing government through the New Public Service can have a positive impact on the operations, effectiveness, and efficiencies of public organizations and programs. The New Public Service is made up of seven lessons that can be applied in the reinvention of public organizations. These lessons include: â€Å"Serve, rather than steer. An in creasingly important role of the public servant is to help citizens articulate and meet their shared interests, rather than to attempt to control or steer society in new directions; The public interest is the aim, not the by-product. Public administrators must contribute to building a collective, shared notion of the public interest. The goal is not to find quick solutions driven by individual choices. Rather, it is the creation of shared interests and shared responsibility; Think strategically, actShow MoreRelatedPersonal Leadership : An Effective Leadership Style1644 Words   |  7 Pagesprovide information on how demonstrating appropriate ethical behaviors as a servant leader can help to guide and enhance my demonstration of effective leadership. 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Organisational Culture of Google Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Organisational Culture of Google. Answer: Introduction Google is an international technology company, incorporated in America. The firm was established by Larry Page and his friend Sergey Brin. The company was incorporated in the year 1998. The field of the enterprise is in internet based facilities and products. The corporation operates in the industry of computer software, computer hardware, and the internet. The chief executive officer of Google is, Sunder Pichai. The mission of the firm is to organize the worlds information and make it universally accessible and useful. The vision is to provide access to the worlds information in one click. Google has more than 72 thousand full-time employees. The organisation receives more than 2 million job request in one year, from around the world. The company has adopted various methods for hiring the right person for the job. The company has uploaded YouTube videos in order to provide information regarding their job recruitment process and the overall environment of the workplace. This report will discuss the message given by Google through their video. Further, the file will discuss Human Resource Management theory regarding the effectiveness of video and the challenges faced by the organisation in recruitment procedure. Google: As an Employer The main motive of the video made by Google is to provide information regarding the organisation, to those people, who are willing to work in the organisation (Google Recruitment Video 2017). The video provides key information regarding Google as an employer to the viewers. In the video, there are several testimonies from the employees of Google, regarding their experience. There were several glimpses of various benefits that the corporation has to offer (Backhaus 2004). Following are the key message regarding Google as an employer, provided in the video: To show potential viewers, the environment of the workplace at Google. The video has several testimonies from different employees, regarding their experience and opinion towards the firm. In the opinion of employees, the company still has start-up spirit, in spite of being a giant international corporation. The video represents that ideas become reality in the workplace of Google. The employees showing in the video are from different countries, showing the culture of the corporation. Various activities are also available for employees in the workplace, such as free snacks, gym, and other extra curriculum activities are shown in the video. The companys policies regarding their employees, such as maternity leave, flexibility in time and child care, are shown in the video. There are training session and talks available, to share the ideas of employees. The video provides information regarding Google as an employer and the requirements for becoming an employee. Various challenges and opportunities for employees are shown in the video along with the impact Google employees have over the world. As an Organisation Google as an organisation delivers unique work atmosphere that attracts, encourages and retains the top employees in the industry. The services of Google, such as Gmail, YouTube, and Android, are used by billions of peoples every day. The employees of Google have their impact all over the world. Google has effectively mixed technological modernisation with a solid organisational culture. The company has flexible hours and various activities for employees. The company promotes the ideas of their employees and provide them training to increase their knowledge. The employees of Google invest 20 percent of their time in personal projects (Hill 2001). The video has shown various policies of Google as a superior organisation. Effectiveness of the Video: HRM Models There are various types of human resource theories and models that a company can adopt in their organisation. These theories and models play a crucial role in success or failure in selecting the right candidate for an enterprise. Some well-known theories and models are as follows: Harvard Model: This is a soft approach where human capital is considered as the most important resource that an organisation can have in their enterprise. It states that employees have some needs and preferences which should be given importance by the management at the time of decision-making. This model is similar to Japanese approach because it considers employees as a significant stakeholder. It talks about reward systems and delegation of authority (Brunetto 2011). Michigan Model: The Michigan model is a hard approach towards the employee. In this method, the employees are treated as any other resources in an organisation. It clearly states that employees should be acquired at a low-cost rate, and then they should be exploited as much as possible (Jones 2005). Contingency theory: This model states that there is no perfect solution for problems; it changes according to the size of the organisation and depends upon the complexity of circumstances (Bowen 2004). Selection and Retention Policy of Google Google has a unique strategy for selection and retention of their employees. While selecting the employees, Google seeks creativity, commitment, practical knowledge, and passion in their potential candidates. They mainly have two sources for selecting the potential candidates for a post, first are internal sources and second are external sources. They fill their key positions by promoting their existing employees. But most of the vacancies are filled through external sources, such as campus recruitments from top universities and hiring agencies. They pay high incentives to their existing employees besides their basic pay. This strategy plays a significant role in retaining their existing employees (Mitchell 2001). They have adopted a soft approach where they provide a positive and healthy environment at workplace, so employees can convert their imagination into reality. They give them the authority to set their own deadline of a project and provide them all the necessary resources wh ich will be required for completion of certain tasks (Thaler 2004). Assessment of Effectiveness of the Video Google give too much importance to their organisational culture because they focus on the area, such as hiring candidates from different backgrounds, women empowerment, mentoring, and extra-curricular activities. This video also includes the experience of employees, positive working environment, policies of the company towards child care and the impact that Google employees have over the world. The video provides necessary information to potential candidates regarding the workplace environment. The potential candidates get influenced and motivated by the content of the video, this will convince them to apply in the company (Steel 2002). This video will depict them the organisational culture of Google which will help them in comparing their skill with the need of cited enterprise. This content also reveals about employee retention strategy of Google, this will help potential candidates to ascertain job security and stability in their job. Therefore, this video has the capacity to conv ince potential candidates to apply for a job in Google. Recruitment Challenges Google received more than 2 million job applications in one year, from around the world. The company faces many difficulties while selecting their employees. In order to achieve growth and success in the business, the organisation has to employ right person for the job (Askitas 2009). The recruitment process of Google is divided into three stages: Sourcing the candidates from various places. Short-listing the potential candidates through telephonic interviews or knowledge tests. Personal interview to finalising the candidate and presenting the offer. The recruitment process took a significant amount of time. The human resource team of Google is required to evaluate numerous job applications to select the right candidate for a job (Edgar 2005). Following are the challenges faced by Google in the recruitment process: The company faces many problems in finding the right candidates. The corporation receives thousands of applications from the different candidate and selecting the right applicant from them is a tough The growth of company requires talented and dedicated employees. The recruitment process took a significant amount of time such as background check, examine and orientations. A slow recruitment process could be detrimental to the companys success. There is a continuous conflict between competitive companies to hire the talented candidates. There is high demand for talented employees in the market and shortage of supply. In order to hire the right employee, the corporation has to pay the higher amount than their competitors. Due to the high demand of talented employees, the companies face the problem of retention of their talented employees (Wills-Shattuck 2008). The corporations have to constantly update their recruitment strategies in order for employing talented candidates. The firms need to modify their recruitment process constantly in order to compete with other corporations. The organisation could lose potential employees if their process of recruitment is out-of-date. The company has to constantly maintain a positive employer brand, to attract the top talents of the industry. Firms have to provide their employees various benefits in order to keep them in the organisation. The corporations have to face high recruitment and benefit costs, to hire and retain talented Conclusion From the above report, it can be concluded that human resource capital is the most important resource of an organisation which plays a significant part in the success of a company. Google prefers to hire creative and passionate people who can assist them in achieving organisational goals in a set period. They give too much importance to their organisational culture which can be considered as the main reason that they have a position of chief culture officer. This video provides vital information regarding selection and retention policies of Google; it also includes existing working environment and the benefits they provide to their employees. The company faces a significant amount of problems relating to their recruitment process. There are problems regarding a large number of job applications, selecting right candidates and maintain positive employer brand. An effective HRM policy help organisation in undertaking these issues. References Askitas, N., Zimmermann, K. F. (2009). Google econometrics and unemployment forecasting.Applied Economics Quarterly,55(2), 107-120. Backhaus, K., Tikoo, S. (2004). Conceptualizing and researching employer branding.Career development international,9(5), 501-517. Bowen, D. E., Ostroff, C. (2004). Understanding HRMfirm performance linkages: The role of the strength of the HRM system.Academy of management review,29(2), 203-221. Brunetto, Y., Farr-Wharton, R., Shacklock, K. (2011). Using the Harvard HRM model to conceptualise the impact of changes to supervision upon HRM outcomes for different types of Australian public sector employees.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,22(03), 553-573. Edgar, F., Geare, A. (2005). HRM practice and employee attitudes: different measuresdifferent results.Personnel review,34(5), 534-549. Google Recruitment Video. (2017).YouTube. Retrieved 7 August 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JcXF1YirPrQ Hill, E. J., Hawkins, A. J., Ferris, M., Weitzman, M. (2001). Finding an extra day a week: The positive influence of perceived job flexibility on work and family life balance.Family relations,50(1), 49-58. Jones, M. C., Smith, K., Johnston, D. W. (2005). Exploring the Michigan model: The relationship of personality, managerial support and organizational structure with health outcomes in entrants to the healthcare environment.Work Stress,19(1), 1-22. Mitchell, T. R., Holtom, B. C., Lee, T. W. (2001). How to keep your best employees: Developing an effective retention policy.The Academy of Management Executive,15(4), 96-108. Steel, R. P., Griffeth, R. W., Hom, P. W. (2002). Practical retention policy for the practical manager.The Academy of Management Executive,16(2), 149-162. Thaler, R. H., Benartzi, S. (2004). Save more tomorrow: Using behavioral economics to increase employee saving.Journal of political Economy,112(S1), S164-S187. Willis-Shattuck, M., Bidwell, P., Thomas, S., Wyness, L., Blaauw, D., Ditlopo, P. (2008). Motivation and retention of health workers in developing countries: a systematic review.BMC health services research,8(1), 247.

Liberilism Vs. Conservatism Essays - Presidency Of Harry S. Truman

Liberilism Vs. Conservatism When one thinks of liberals and conservatives it tends to be a comparison of entirely different views concerning every issue. Conservative thinking is regularly associated with the Republican Party while liberal thinking is regularly associated with the Democratic Party. Two such figures that come to mind whose views tend to put them on opposite sides of the political spectrum are presidents Herbert C. Hoover and Harry S. Truman. For example, Hoover's failure to intervene in the private sector of the economy during the infant stages of the Great Depression agrees with the conservative idea of a free market economy. In contrast, Truman continued Roosevelt's liberally supported reform measures. One important factor that influences a political figure's decision making is his/her morals and beliefs. Conservatives usually have great influence from traditional institutions such as church. As a child, Hoover was raised in a rural Quaker community with a strict belief in the church and the traditional family. This led to his conservative beliefs and actions. During his presidency, Hoover promised to uphold the prohibition amendment, since drinking was seen as an evil in the Quakers (Encarta). Furthermore, he promised to enforce national laws. This went about with the conservative that that authority is needed to make man resistant to evil. Hoover became a millionaire by the time he was forty with great effort. His conservatism and respect for authority earned him that position. On the other hand, liberalism preached that belief that man has a natural ability to reason out right and wrong. Truman did not introduce any major crime legislation, nor did he believe that much authority was needed for man to reason out right and wrong (Bernstein 93). Concerning the views on the nature of man, Truman and Hoover developed their views in their early years. Truman being a farmer at heart never let go the hardships of farm life. He was a self-taught man, he would read many novels, and American history books in his spare time instead of the usual childhood activities. He believed that man is basically good, and not being a wealthy man himself, he believed that wealth makes man corrupt. Hoover had a typical country childhood, and his Quaker beliefs taught him that man is basically evil (Smith 146). He believed greatly in the church to teach him what to strive for in life and what is right and wrong. These childhoods influenced Hoover and Truman in their conservative and liberal beliefs. Liberals encourage social change such as civil rights. Truman was a great advocate of civil rights. Truman, as a senator, signed an unsuccessful petition to end a filibuster on an anti-poll tax measure, and agreed to investigations of racial discrimination on war contracts and in the armed services (Encarta). Civil rights leaders saw Truman's Fair Deal legislation useful to African-Americans, it included a full employment act, increased unemployment compensation, and a higher minimum wage. In 1948, Truman asked Congress to enact laws prohibiting Jim Crow laws, and he instructed the Secretary of Defense to end discrimination in the armed services. These and many other measures Truman took to enforce his belief in a rapid social change. Walter White said in 1952 ?No occupant of the White House since the nation was born has taken so frontal or constant a stand against racial discrimination as has Harry S. Truman.? His legacy paved way for the civil rights movements in later years. Hoove r, being a conservative, believed in slow very moderate social change built around past traditional values and beliefs. Hoover did not ask congress to pass any new laws, nor did he take any measures concerning social change in the form of welfare and civil rights (Smith). His beliefs stood in the way of making any social change for the betterment of society. Liberalism in the 20th century has been very active against inequality. The Truman administration started the battle continuing to later generations. Truman, being a southern man, saw the racial discrimination in the South and saw a need for social change. Truman felt that African-Americans wanted to end inequality, but not segregation. As stated above, Truman took many measures to ensure equality for the African-Americans. He also took measures to create